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Index Page fovtrg_c
Table of contents
Procedure Abstract Required_Reading Keywords Brief_I/O Detailed_Input | Detailed_Output Parameters Exceptions Files Particulars Examples | Restrictions Literature_References Author_and_Institution Version Index_Entries
#### Procedure
       fovtrg_c ( Is target in FOV at time? )

       void fovtrg_c ( ConstSpiceChar   * inst,
                       ConstSpiceChar   * target,
                       ConstSpiceChar   * tshape,
                       ConstSpiceChar   * tframe,
                       ConstSpiceChar   * abcorr,
                       ConstSpiceChar   * obsrvr,
                       SpiceDouble      * et,
                       SpiceBoolean     * visibl  )
#### Abstract
       Determine if a specified ephemeris object is within the
       field-of-view (FOV) of a specified instrument at a given time.
#### Required_Reading
       CK
       FRAMES
       KERNEL
       NAIF_IDS
       PCK
       SPK
       TIME
#### Keywords
       EVENT
       FOV
       GEOMETRY
       INSTRUMENT
#### Brief_I/O
       VARIABLE  I/O  DESCRIPTION
       --------  ---  -------------------------------------------------
       inst       I   Name or ID code string of the instrument.
       target     I   Name or ID code string of the target.
       tshape     I   Type of shape model used for the target.
       tframe     I   Body-fixed, body-centered frame for target body.
       abcorr     I   Aberration correction flag.
       obsrvr     I   Name or ID code string of the observer.
       et         I   Time of the observation (seconds past J2000).
       visibl     O   Visibility flag (SPICETRUE/SPICEFALSE).
#### Detailed_Input
       inst        indicates the name of an instrument, such as a
                   spacecraft-mounted framing camera. The field of view
                   (FOV) of the instrument will be used to determine if
                   the target is visible with respect to the instrument.

                   The position of the instrument `inst' is considered to
                   coincide with that of the ephemeris object `obsrvr' (see
                   description below).

                   The size of the instrument's FOV is constrained by the
                   following: There must be a vector A such that all of
                   the instrument's FOV boundary vectors have an angular
                   separation from A of less than (pi/2)-SPICE_GF_MARGIN radians
                   (see description below). For FOVs that are circular or
                   elliptical, the vector A is the boresight. For FOVs
                   that are rectangular or polygonal, the vector A is
                   calculated.

                   See the header of the CSPICE routine getfov_c for a
                   description of the required parameters associated with
                   an instrument.

                   Both object names and NAIF IDs are accepted. For
                   example, both "CASSINI_ISS_NAC" and "-82360" are
                   accepted. Case and leading or trailing blanks are not
                   significant in the string.

       target      is the name of the target body. This routine determines
                   if the target body appears in the instrument's field of
                   view.

                   Both object names and NAIF IDs are accepted. For
                   example, both "Moon" and "301" are accepted. Case and
                   leading or trailing blanks are not significant in the
                   string.

       tshape      is a string indicating the geometric model used to
                   represent the shape of the target body. The supported
                   options are:

                      'ELLIPSOID'     Use a triaxial ellipsoid model,
                                      with radius values provided via the
                                      kernel pool. A kernel variable
                                      having a name of the form

                                         'BODYnnn_RADII'

                                      where nnn represents the NAIF
                                      integer code associated with the
                                      body, must be present in the kernel
                                      pool. This variable must be
                                      associated with three numeric
                                      values giving the lengths of the
                                      ellipsoid's X, Y, and Z semi-axes.

                      'POINT'         Treat the body as a single point.

                   Case and leading or trailing blanks are not
                   significant in the string.

       tframe      is the name of the body-fixed, body-centered reference
                   frame associated with the target body. Examples of
                   such names are 'IAU_SATURN' (for Saturn) and 'ITRF93'
                   (for the Earth).

                   If the target body is modeled as a point, `tframe'
                   is ignored and should be left blank. (Ex: " ").

                   Case and leading or trailing blanks bracketing a
                   non-blank frame name are not significant in the string.

       abcorr      indicates the aberration corrections to be applied
                   when computing the target's position and orientation.

                   For remote sensing applications, where the apparent
                   position and orientation of the target seen by the
                   observer are desired, normally either of the
                   corrections:

                      "LT+S"
                      "CN+S"

                   should be used. These and the other supported options
                   are described below.

                   Supported aberration correction options for
                   observation (the case where radiation is received by
                   observer at `et') are:

                      "NONE"         No correction.
                      "LT"           Light time only
                      "LT+S"         Light time and stellar aberration.
                      "CN"           Converged Newtonian (CN) light time.
                      "CN+S"         CN light time and stellar aberration.

                   Supported aberration correction options for
                   transmission (the case where radiation is emitted from
                   observer at `et') are:

                      "XLT"          Light time only.
                      "XLT+S"        Light time and stellar aberration.
                      "XCN"          Converged Newtonian (CN) light time.
                      "XCN+S"        CN light time and stellar aberration.

                   Case, leading and trailing blanks are not significant
                   in the string.

       obsrvr      is the name of the body from which the target is
                   observed. The instrument `inst' is treated as if it were
                   co-located with the observer.

                   Both object names and NAIF IDs are accepted. For
                   example, both "CASSINI" and "-82" are accepted. Case
                   and leading or trailing blanks are not significant in
                   the string.

       et          is the observation time in seconds past the J2000
                   epoch.
#### Detailed_Output
       visibl      is SPICETRUE if `target' is fully or partially in the
                   field-of-view of `inst' at the time `et'. Otherwise,
                   `visibl' is SPICEFALSE.
#### Parameters
       SPICE_GF_MAXVRT   is the maximum number of vertices that may be used to
                         define the boundary of the specified instrument's field
                         of view. See the header file SpiceGF.h for details.

       SPICE_GF_MARGIN   is a small positive number used to constrain the
                         orientation of the boundary vectors of polygonal
                         FOVs. Such FOVs must satisfy the following constraints:

                            1)  The boundary vectors must be contained within
                                a right circular cone of angular radius less
                                than (pi/2) - SPICE_GF_MARGIN radians; in other
                                words, there must be a vector A such that all
                                boundary vectors have angular separation from
                                A of less than (pi/2)-SPICE_GF_MARGIN radians.

                            2)  There must be a pair of boundary vectors U, V
                                such that all other boundary vectors lie in the
                                same half space bounded by the plane containing
                                U and V. Furthermore, all other boundary vectors
                                must have orthogonal projections onto a specific
                                plane normal to this plane (the normal plane
                                contains the angle bisector defined by U and V)
                                such that the projections have angular
                                separation of at least 2*SPICE_GF_MARGIN radians
                                from the plane spanned by U and V.

                         SPICE_GF_MARGIN is currently set to 1.e-12.
#### Exceptions
       1)  If the name of either the target or observer cannot be
           translated to a NAIF ID code, an error is signaled by
           a routine in the call tree of this routine.

       2)  If the specified aberration correction is an unrecognized
           value, an error is signaled by a routine
           in the call tree of this routine.

       3)  If the radii of a target body modeled as an ellipsoid cannot
           be determined by searching the kernel pool for a kernel
           variable having a name of the form

              "BODYnnn_RADII"

           where nnn represents the NAIF integer code associated with
           the body, an error is signaled by a routine in the
           call tree of this routine.

       4)  If the target and observer bodies are the same, an error is
           signaled by a routine in the call tree of this routine.

       5)  If the body model specifier `tshape' is invalid, an error is
           signaled by either this routine or a routine in the call tree
           of this routine.

       6)  If a target body-fixed reference frame associated with a
           non-point target is not recognized, an error is signaled by a
           routine in the call tree of this routine.

       7)  If a target body-fixed reference frame is not centered at the
           corresponding target body, an error is signaled by a routine
           in the call tree of this routine.

       8)  If the instrument name `inst' does not have a corresponding NAIF
           ID code, an error is signaled by a routine in the call tree of
           this routine.

       9)  If the FOV parameters of the instrument are not present in
           the kernel pool, an error is signaled by a routine
           in the call tree of this routine.

       10) If the FOV boundary has more than SPICE_GF_MAXVRT vertices, an error
           is signaled by a routine in the call tree of this
           routine.

       11) If the instrument FOV shape is a polygon or rectangle, and
           this routine cannot find a ray R emanating from the FOV vertex
           such that maximum angular separation of R and any FOV boundary
           vector is within the limit (pi/2)-SPICE_GF_MARGIN radians, an error
           is signaled by a routine in the call tree of this routine. If the
           FOV is any other shape, the same error check will be applied
           with the instrument boresight vector serving the role of R.

       12) If the loaded kernels provide insufficient data to compute a
           requested state vector, an error is signaled by a
           routine in the call tree of this routine.

       13) If an error occurs while reading an SPK or other kernel file,
           the error is signaled by a routine in the call tree
           of this routine.

       14) If any of the `inst', `target', `tshape', `abcorr', `obsrvr'
           or `tframe' input string pointers is null, the error
           SPICE(NULLPOINTER) is signaled.

       15) If any of the `inst', `target', `tshape', `abcorr' or `obsrvr'
           input strings has zero length, the error SPICE(EMPTYSTRING) is
           signaled.
#### Files
       Appropriate SPICE kernels must be loaded by the calling program
       before this routine is called.

       The following data are required:

       -  SPK data: ephemeris data for target and observer that
          describe the ephemerides of these objects at the time `et'.
          If aberration corrections are used, the states of
          target and observer relative to the solar system barycenter
          must be calculable from the available ephemeris data.

       -  Frame data: if a frame definition is required to convert
          the observer and target states to the body-fixed frame of
          the target, that definition must be available in the kernel
          pool. Typically the definitions of frames not already
          built-in to SPICE are supplied by loading a frame kernel.

       -  Data defining the reference frame in which the instrument's
          FOV is defined must be available in the kernel pool. Additionally,
          the name `inst' must be associated with an ID code.

       -  IK data: the kernel pool must contain data such that
          the CSPICE routine getfov_c may be called to obtain
          parameters for `inst'.

       The following data may be required:

       -  PCK data: bodies modeled as triaxial ellipsoids must have
          orientation data provided by variables in the kernel pool.

          Bodies modeled as triaxial ellipsoids must have radii
          lengths provided by variables in the kernel pool.

       -  CK data: if the frame in which the instrument's FOV is
          defined is fixed to a spacecraft, at least one CK file will
          be needed to permit transformation of vectors between that
          frame and both J2000 and the target body-fixed frame.

       -  SCLK data: if a CK file is needed, an associated SCLK
          kernel is required to enable conversion between encoded SCLK
          (used to time-tag CK data) and barycentric dynamical time
          (TDB).

       Kernel data are normally loaded via furnsh_c once per program run,
       NOT every time this routine is called.
#### Particulars
       To treat the target as a ray rather than as an ephemeris object,
       use the higher-level CSPICE routine fovray_c. fovray_c may be used
       to determine if distant target objects such as stars are visible
       in an instrument's FOV at a given time, as long as the direction
       from the observer to the target can be modeled as a ray.
#### Examples
       The numerical results shown for this example may differ across
       platforms. The results depend on the SPICE kernels used as
       input, the compiler and supporting libraries, and the machine
       specific arithmetic implementation.

       1) A spectacular picture was taken by Cassini's
          narrow-angle camera on Oct. 6, 2010 that shows
          six of Saturn's moons. Let's verify that the moons
          in the picture are Epimetheus, Atlas, Daphnis, Pan,
          Janus, and Enceladus.

          To see this picture, visit:
          http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA12741
          or go to the PDS Image Node's Image Atlas at
          http://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/search/search.html.
          Select Cassini as the mission, ISS as the instrument,
          and enter 1_N1665078907.122 as the Product ID in the
          Product tab. Note: these directions may change as the
          PDS Imaging Node changes.

          Use the meta-kernel shown below to load the required SPICE
          kernels.

             KPL/MK

             File name: fovtrg_ex1.tm

             This meta-kernel is intended to support operation of SPICE
             example programs. The kernels shown here should not be
             assumed to contain adequate or correct versions of data
             required by SPICE-based user applications.

             In order for an application to use this meta-kernel, the
             kernels referenced here must be present in the user's
             current working directory.

             The names and contents of the kernels referenced
             by this meta-kernel are as follows:

                File name                     Contents
                ---------                     --------
                naif0010.tls                  Leapseconds
                cpck*.tpc                     Satellite orientation and
                                              radii
                pck00010.tpc                  Planet orientation and
                                              radii
                cas_rocks_v18.tf              FK for small satellites
                                              around Saturn
                cas_v40.tf                    Cassini FK
                cas_iss_v10.ti                Cassini ISS IK
                cas00149.tsc                  Cassini SCLK
                *.bsp                         Ephemeris for Cassini,
                                              planets, and satellites
                10279_10284ra.bc              Orientation for Cassini

             \begindata

                KERNELS_TO_LOAD = ( 'naif0010.tls'
                                    'cpck14Oct2010.tpc'
                                    'cpck_rock_21Jan2011_merged.tpc'
                                    'pck00010.tpc'
                                    'cas_rocks_v18.tf'
                                    'cas_v40.tf'
                                    'cas_iss_v10.ti'
                                    'cas00149.tsc'
                                    '110317AP_RE_90165_18018.bsp'
                                    '110120BP_IRRE_00256_25017.bsp'
                                    '101210R_SCPSE_10256_10302.bsp'
                                    '10279_10284ra.bc'              )

             \begintext

             For project meta-kernels similar to the one shown
             here, please see CASSINI SPICE PDS archive.

             End of meta-kernel

          Example code begins here.

          /.
             Program fovtrg_ex1
          ./

          #include <stdio.h>
          #include "SpiceUsr.h"
          #include "SpiceZmc.h"

          int main()
          {

             /.
             Local constants
             ./
             #define META  "fovtrg_ex1.tm"
             #define BODLEN 32
             #define TIMLEN 32
             #define FRMLEN 32

             /.
             Local variables

             The variable `sclk' is the spacecraft clock time of the image.
             ./

             SpiceChar               body[BODLEN];
             SpiceChar               frame_name[FRMLEN];
             SpiceChar             * sclk = "1665078907.122";
             SpiceChar               time[TIMLEN];
             ConstSpiceChar        * time_format =
                                     "YYYY-MON-DD HR:MN:SC.###::TDB (TDB)";

             SpiceDouble             et;

             SpiceInt                body_id;
             SpiceInt                cassini_id;
             SpiceInt                frame_code;

             SpiceBoolean            found;
             SpiceBoolean            visible;

             /.
             Load kernels.
             ./
             furnsh_c ( META );

             /.
             Retrieve Cassini's NAIF ID.
             ./
             bodn2c_c ( "Cassini", &cassini_id, &found );

             if ( !found )
             {
                printf ( "Could not find ID code for Cassini." );
                return (1);
             }

             /.
             Convert the image tag SCLK to ET.
             ./
             scs2e_c ( cassini_id, sclk, &et );

             /.
             Convert the ET to a string format for the output.
             ./
             timout_c ( et, time_format, TIMLEN, time );

             /.
             Search through all of Saturn's moons to see if each
             satellite was in the ISS NAC's field-of-view at
             the image time. We're going to take advantage of the
             fact that all Saturn's moons have a NAIF ID of 6xx.
             ./
             printf ( "At time %s the following were\n", time );
             printf ( "in the field of view of CASSINI_ISS_NAC\n" );

             for ( body_id = 600; body_id < 700; body_id++ )
             {

                /.
                Check to see if the `body_id' has a translation.
                ./
                bodc2n_c ( body_id, BODLEN, body, &found );

                if ( found )
                {
                   /.
                   Check to see if a body-fixed frame for this ID exists.
                   If the frame is not in the kernel pool, we cannot
                   perform the visibility test. The main cause of a
                   failure is a missing kernel.
                   ./
                   cidfrm_c ( body_id, FRMLEN, &frame_code, frame_name,
                              &found );

                   if ( found )
                   {
                      /.
                      Is this body in the field-of-view of Cassini's
                      ISS narrow-angle camera?
                      ./
                      fovtrg_c ( "CASSINI_ISS_NAC", body, "Ellipsoid",
                                  frame_name, "CN+S", "Cassini", &et,
                                  &visible );
                      if ( visible )
                      {
                         printf ( "  %s\n", body );
                      }
                   }
                }
             }
             return ( 0 );
          }

          When this program was executed on a Mac/Intel/cc/64-bit
          platform, the output was:

          At time 2010-OCT-06 17:09:45.346 (TDB) the following were
          in the field of view of CASSINI_ISS_NAC
            ENCELADUS
            JANUS
            EPIMETHEUS
            ATLAS
            PAN
            DAPHNIS
            ANTHE

          Note: there were actually 7 of Saturn's satellites in the
          field-of-view of Cassini's narrow-angle camera. However, Anthe
          is very small and was probably obscured by other objects or
          shadow.
#### Restrictions
       1)  The reference frame associated with `inst' must be centered at the
           observer or must be inertial. No check is done to ensure this.
#### Literature_References
       None.
#### Author_and_Institution
       N.J. Bachman        (JPL)
       J. Diaz del Rio     (ODC Space)
       S.C. Krening        (JPL)
#### Version
       -CSPICE Version 1.0.1, 13-AUG-2021 (JDR)

           Edited header to comply with NAIF standard. Changed the
           argument name "visible" to "visibl" for consistency with other
           functions.

       -CSPICE Version 1.0.0, 15-FEB-2012 (SCK) (NJB)
#### Index_Entries
       Target in instrument FOV at specified time
       Target in instrument field_of_view at specified time
#### Link to routine fovtrg_c source file fovtrg_c.c

    Fri Dec 31 18:41:06 2021