This is nco.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from nco.texi.

INFO-DIR-SECTION netCDF
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* NCO::        User Guide for the netCDF Operator suite
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

This file documents NCO, a collection of utilities to manipulate and
analyze netCDF files.

   Copyright © 1995-2025 Charlie Zender

   This is the first edition of the ‘NCO User Guide’,
and is consistent with version 2 of ‘texinfo.tex’.

   Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  The
license is available online at <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html>

   The original author of this software, Charlie Zender, wants to
improve it with the help of your suggestions, improvements, bug-reports,
and patches.
Charlie Zender <surname at uci dot edu> (yes, my surname is zender)
3200 Croul Hall
Department of Earth System Science
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, CA 92697-3100


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nco.info-5: 1212949

Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top1118
Node: Foreword2820
Node: Summary9063
Node: Introduction9870
Node: Availability10158
Ref: Availability-Footnote-112339
Node: How to Use This guide12751
Node: Compatability14566
Ref: Compatability-Footnote-120112
Ref: Compatability-Footnote-220260
Node: Windows Operating System20466
Ref: Windows Operating System-Footnote-123068
Node: Symbolic Links23309
Node: Libraries25325
Ref: Libraries-Footnote-126484
Node: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support26668
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-137665
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-237956
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-338322
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-438444
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-539525
Node: Help Requests and Bug Reports40019
Node: Strategies45228
Node: Philosophy45626
Node: Climate Model Paradigm47164
Node: Temporary Output Files47803
Ref: Temporary Output Files-Footnote-153023
Ref: Temporary Output Files-Footnote-253141
Node: Appending Variables53250
Ref: Appending Variables-Footnote-155343
Ref: Appending Variables-Footnote-255528
Node: Simple Arithmetic and Interpolation55685
Node: Statistics vs Concatenation56440
Ref: Statistics vs Concatenation-Footnote-157655
Ref: Statistics vs Concatenation-Footnote-257932
Node: Concatenation58319
Node: Averaging61995
Node: Interpolating63480
Node: Large Numbers of Files64008
Ref: Large Numbers of Files-Footnote-170005
Node: Large Datasets70341
Node: Memory Requirements73270
Node: Single and Multi-file Operators74721
Ref: Single and Multi-file Operators-Footnote-180510
Node: Memory for ncap280676
Node: Performance82168
Node: Shared features84167
Node: Internationalization85850
Node: Metadata Optimization86434
Node: OpenMP Threading88395
Node: Command Line Options92456
Ref: Command Line Options-Footnote-194953
Node: Truncating Long Options95246
Node: Multi-arguments96942
Ref: Multi-arguments-Footnote-1101527
Node: Sanitization of Input101824
Node: Specifying Input Files104495
Ref: Specifying Input Files-Footnote-1113930
Node: Specifying Output Files114275
Node: Remote storage116072
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-1121721
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-2121950
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-3122304
Node: OPeNDAP122741
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-1129156
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-2129737
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-3130207
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-4130458
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-5130850
Node: Retaining Retrieved Files131115
Node: File Formats and Conversion133379
Node: File Formats134578
Ref: File Formats-Footnote-1138860
Node: Determining File Format139052
Node: File Conversion142613
Ref: File Conversion-Footnote-1144389
Node: Autoconversion144632
Node: Zarr and NCZarr150577
Node: Large File Support154318
Ref: Large File Support-Footnote-1155861
Node: Subsetting Files155899
Ref: Subsetting Files-Footnote-1171505
Node: Subsetting Coordinate Variables171740
Node: Group Path Editing174952
Node: Flattening Groups177134
Node: Moving Groups182274
Ref: Moving Groups-Footnote-1184465
Node: Dismembering Files184654
Node: Checking CF-compliance192799
Ref: Checking CF-compliance-Footnote-1200179
Node: C and Fortran Index Conventions200335
Node: Hyperslabs202142
Node: Stride208923
Node: Record Appending212264
Node: Subcycle216066
Ref: Subcycle-Footnote-1220978
Node: Interleave221088
Node: Multislabs226530
Node: Wrapped Coordinates234482
Node: Auxiliary Coordinates237420
Node: Grid Generation244680
Ref: Grid Generation-Footnote-1272596
Ref: Grid Generation-Footnote-2273058
Node: Regridding273647
Node: Climatology and Bounds Support305584
Node: UDUnits Support309911
Node: Rebasing Time Coordinate319454
Node: Multiple Record Dimensions322511
Node: Missing Values324836
Ref: Missing Values-Footnote-1330772
Ref: Missing Values-Footnote-2331017
Node: Chunking331126
Ref: Chunking-Footnote-1349770
Node: Quantization Algorithms350020
Node: Compression352894
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_dfl365448
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_bz2374068
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_zst376666
Ref: Compression-Footnote-1377703
Ref: Compression-Footnote-2377827
Ref: Compression-Footnote-3377915
Ref: Compression-Footnote-4378011
Ref: Compression-Footnote-5378574
Ref: Compression-Footnote-6378791
Node: Linear Packing378982
Node: Precision-Preserving Compression380531
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-1407634
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-2408004
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-3408426
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-4409545
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-5410913
Node: Deflation411111
Node: MD5 digests413356
Node: Buffer sizes417333
Ref: Buffer sizes-Footnote-1418631
Node: RAM disks418755
Node: Unbuffered I/O423768
Node: Packed data425067
Ref: Packed data-Footnote-1432903
Ref: Packed data-Footnote-2433080
Node: Operation Types433307
Node: Type Conversion441027
Node: Automatic type conversion442293
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-1449103
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-2449126
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-3449319
Node: Promoting Single-precision to Double449523
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-1468436
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-2468901
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-3469394
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-4469694
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-5469799
Node: Manual type conversion469863
Node: Batch Mode470848
Node: Global Attribute Addition472009
Node: Global Attribute Deletion474502
Node: History Attribute475839
Ref: History Attribute-Footnote-1479980
Node: File List Attributes480229
Node: CF Conventions482033
Node: ARM Conventions498184
Node: Operator Version500299
Node: Reference Manual501457
Node: ncap2 netCDF Arithmetic Processor502591
Node: Syntax of ncap2 statements508349
Node: Expressions509721
Node: Dimensions517081
Node: Left hand casting519330
Node: Arrays and hyperslabs524175
Node: Attributes530603
Node: Value List534346
Node: Number literals535601
Node: if statement539554
Node: Print & String methods541778
Node: Missing values ncap2546033
Node: Methods and functions551119
Node: RAM variables558417
Node: Where statement559697
Node: Loops565020
Node: Include files566355
Node: Sort methods567579
Node: UDUnits script578936
Node: Vpointer582656
Node: Irregular grids587138
Node: Bilinear interpolation592667
Node: GSL special functions596917
Ref: GSL special functions-Footnote-1619266
Node: GSL interpolation620586
Node: GSL least-squares fitting622666
Node: GSL statistics626721
Node: GSL random number generation630494
Node: Examples ncap2634999
Node: Intrinsic mathematical methods642570
Ref: Intrinsic mathematical methods-Footnote-1647923
Ref: Intrinsic mathematical methods-Footnote-2648782
Node: Operator precedence and associativity648855
Node: ID Quoting651407
Node: make_bounds() function653948
Node: solar_zenith_angle function655192
Node: ncatted netCDF Attribute Editor656554
Ref: ncatted netCDF Attribute Editor-Footnote-1677259
Node: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator678340
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-1692165
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-2692354
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-3692714
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-4692774
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-5692846
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-6693052
Node: ncchecker netCDF Compliance Checker693409
Node: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator695473
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-1782747
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-2783158
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-3783425
Node: ncecat netCDF Ensemble Concatenator783735
Node: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics793391
Ref: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics-Footnote-1803559
Ref: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics-Footnote-2803837
Node: ncflint netCDF File Interpolator804360
Node: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink813232
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-1892301
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-2892619
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-3892990
Node: Filters for ncks893105
Node: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly909650
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-1931701
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-2931806
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-3932387
Node: ncra netCDF Record Averager932659
Node: ncrcat netCDF Record Concatenator943868
Node: ncremap netCDF Remapper948507
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-11101486
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-21101897
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-31101980
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-41102122
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-51102402
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-61102869
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-71103155
Node: ncrename netCDF Renamer1103229
Node: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager1122969
Ref: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager-Footnote-11128429
Ref: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager-Footnote-21128570
Node: Mask condition1128776
Ref: Mask condition-Footnote-11130251
Node: Normalization and Integration1130451
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-11136256
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-21136330
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-31136454
Node: Contributing1136623
Ref: Contributing-Footnote-11137358
Node: Contributors1137772
Node: Citation1142205
Node: Proposals for Institutional Funding1143571
Node: Quick Start1144746
Node: Daily data in one file1145223
Node: Monthly data in one file1146645
Node: One time point one file1148315
Node: Multiple files with multiple time points1149272
Node: CMIP5 Example1149764
Node: Combine Files1152500
Node: Global Distribution of Long-term Average1161954
Ref: fgr:glb1162190
Node: Annual Average over Regions1166965
Ref: fgr:anl1167175
Node: Monthly Cycle1180072
Ref: fgr:mon1180231
Node: Regrid MODIS Data1187295
Node: Add Coordinates to MODIS Data1194855
Node: Permute MODIS Coordinates1196857
Node: Parallel1198794
Node: CCSM Example1199146
Node: mybibnode1212949
Ref: ZeM071213074
Ref: Zen081213305
Ref: WZJ071213513
Ref: ZMW061213899
Ref: ZeW071214139
Ref: WZJ061214554
Ref: WZJ0731214744
Ref: WZJ0741215192
Ref: WZJ0811215394
Ref: WZJ0911215674
Ref: PFT881215892
Node: General Index1216019

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