tone
Prev | Orchestra Opcodes and Operators | Next

## tone

tone — A first-order recursive low-pass filter with variable frequency response.

## Description

A first-order recursive low-pass filter with variable frequency response.

tone is a 1 term IIR filter. Its formula is:

yn = c1 * xn + c2 * yn-1

where

- b = 2 - cos(2 π hp/sr);

- c2 = b - sqrt(b2 - 1.0)

- c1 = 1 - c2

## Syntax

    ares tone asig, khp [, iskip]

## Initialization

iskip (optional, default=0) -- initial disposition of internal data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero value will allow previous information to remain. The default value is 0.

## Performance

ares -- the output audio signal.

asig -- the input audio signal.

khp -- the response curve's half-power point, in Hertz. Half power is defined as peak power / root 2.

tone implements a first-order recursive low-pass filter in which the variable khp (in Hz) determines the response curve's half-power point. Half power is defined as peak power / root 2.

## Examples

Here is an example of the tone opcode. It uses the file tone.csd.

Example 1066. Example of the tone opcode.

See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.

    <CsoundSynthesizer>
    <CsOptions>
    ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
    -odac     ;;;realtime audio out
    ;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
    ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
    ; -o tone.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
    </CsOptions>
    <CsInstruments>

    sr = 44100
    ksmps = 32
    0dbfs  = 1
    nchnls = 2

    instr 1

    asig diskin2 "beats.wav", 1
         outs asig, asig
    endin

    instr 2

    kton line 10000, p3, 0		;all the way down to 0 Hz
    asig diskin2 "beats.wav", 1
    asig tone asig, kton		;half-power point at 500 Hz
         outs asig, asig
    endin

    </CsInstruments>
    <CsScore>

    i 1 0 2
    i 2 2 2

    e

    </CsScore>
    </CsoundSynthesizer>

## See Also

areson, aresonk, atone, atonek, port, portk, reson, resonk, tonek

Prev | Up | Next
tlineto | Home | tonek