API VERSION: 1.2
API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API

*******************************************************************************
JPL/HORIZONS                Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1)          2024-Aug-16 13:11:45
Rec #:90002212 (+COV) Soln.date: 2022-Aug-01_01:56:46     # obs: 66 (1993-2022)
 
IAU76/J2000 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (au, days, deg., period=Julian yrs):
 
  EPOCH=  2459837.5 ! 2022-Sep-15.0000000 (TDB)    RMSW= n.a.
   EC= .9949810027633206   QR= .890537663547794    TP= 2450537.1349071441
   OM= 282.7334213961641   W= 130.4146670659176    IN= 89.28759424740302
   A= 177.4333839117583    MA= 3.878386339423163   ADIST= 353.9762301599687
   PER= 2363.5304681429    N= .000417014           ANGMOM= .02292857
   DAN= 5.00538            DDN= 1.07996            L= 101.8968625
   B= 49.580132            MOID= .0878151          TP= 1997-Mar-29.6349071441
 
Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km):
   GM= n.a.                RAD= 30.
   M1=  4.8      M2=  n.a.     k1=  4.     k2= n.a.     PHCOF= n.a.
COMET comments 
1: soln ref.= JPL#226, data arc: 1993-04-27 to 2022-07-09
2: k1=4.;
*******************************************************************************


*******************************************************************************
Ephemeris / API_USER Fri Aug 16 13:11:45 2024 Pasadena, USA      / Horizons    
*******************************************************************************
Target body name: Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1)           {source: JPL#226}
Center body name: Earth (399)                     {source: DE441}
Center-site name: GEOCENTRIC
*******************************************************************************
Start time      : A.D. 2024-Aug-16 00:00:00.0000 UT      
Stop  time      : A.D. 2024-Oct-15 00:00:00.0000 UT      
Step-size       : 1440 minutes
*******************************************************************************
Target pole/equ : undefined
Target radii    : 30. km                                                       
Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, -6378.137             {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)}
Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0                   {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)}
Center pole/equ : ITRF93                          {East-longitude positive}
Center radii    : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c}       
Target primary  : Sun
Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km        {source: DE441}
Rel. light bend : Sun                             {source: DE441}
Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2                                          
Small-body perts: Yes                             {source: SB441-N16}
Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS)
RA format       : DEG
Time format     : BOTH
Calendar mode   : Mixed Julian/Gregorian
EOP file        : eop.240815.p241108                                           
EOP coverage    : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-AUG-15. PREDICTS-> 2024-NOV-07
Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s 
Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO )
Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation (  0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO )
Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate (     0.0=NO )                           
Table format    : Comma Separated Values (spreadsheet)
*******************************************************************************
Initial IAU76/J2000 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (au, days, deg.):
  EPOCH=  2459837.5 ! 2022-Sep-15.0000000 (TDB)    RMSW= n.a.                  
   EC= .9949810027633206   QR= .890537663547794    TP= 2450537.1349071441      
   OM= 282.7334213961641   W= 130.4146670659176    IN= 89.28759424740302       
  Equivalent ICRF heliocentric cartesian coordinates (au, au/d):
   X= 3.907631452214869E+00  Y=-1.373895334060347E+00  Z=-4.624358508575312E+01
  VX= 3.778244409519935E-04 VY=-5.803173067116371E-04 VZ=-3.255716412104052E-03
Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km):                                        
   GM= n.a.                RAD= 30.                                            
   M1=  4.8      M2=  n.a.     k1=  4.     k2= n.a.     PHCOF= n.a.            
********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
 Date__(UT)__HR:MN, Date_________JDUT, , , R.A._(ICRF), DEC_(ICRF),  dRA*cosD, d(DEC)/dt,    T-mag,  N-mag,                r,       rdot,             delta,     deldot,     S-O-T,/r,     S-T-O,    PsAng,   PsAMV,      GlxLon,    GlxLat,
********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
$$SOE
 2024-Aug-16 00:00, 2460538.500000000, , ,   339.94076,  -85.76646,  -2.77385,  -0.95007,   19.974,   n.a.,   48.70398705476,  5.5481506,  48.3840175329577, 14.3142929,  107.8545,/L,    1.1334,  345.385, 125.938,  305.601288,-30.660941,
 2024-Aug-17 00:00, 2460539.500000000, , ,   339.68838,  -85.77237,  -2.78898,  -0.89086,   19.974,   n.a.,   48.70719116755,  5.5479480,  48.3923308961369, 14.4742785,  107.5528,/L,    1.1350,  346.601, 126.285,  305.615209,-30.645503,
 2024-Aug-18 00:00, 2460540.500000000, , ,   339.43441,  -85.77787,  -2.80292,  -0.83127,   19.975,   n.a.,   48.71039516167,  5.5477455,  48.4007359344561, 14.6317701,  107.2462,/L,    1.1366,  347.815, 126.633,  305.629399,-30.630285,
 2024-Aug-19 00:00, 2460541.500000000, , ,   339.17897,  -85.78297,  -2.81568,  -0.77129,   19.975,   n.a.,   48.71359903713,  5.5475429,  48.4092312233878, 14.7868250,  106.9346,/L,    1.1382,  349.028, 126.982,  305.643857,-30.615293,
 2024-Aug-20 00:00, 2460542.500000000, , ,   338.92218,  -85.78767,  -2.82727,  -0.71097,   19.976,   n.a.,   48.71680279399,  5.5473404,  48.4178153742781, 14.9395076,  106.6182,/L,    1.1398,  350.239, 127.330,  305.658577,-30.600529,
 2024-Aug-21 00:00, 2460543.500000000, , ,   338.66419,  -85.79196,  -2.83768,  -0.65029,   19.976,   n.a.,   48.72000643227,  5.5471379,  48.4264870339100, 15.0898732,  106.2971,/L,    1.1414,  351.449, 127.679,  305.673556,-30.585998,
 2024-Aug-22 00:00, 2460544.500000000, , ,   338.40511,  -85.79584,  -2.84691,  -0.58926,   19.977,   n.a.,   48.72320995201,  5.5469354,  48.4352448737881, 15.2379494,  105.9713,/L,    1.1430,  352.656, 128.027,  305.688790,-30.571703,
 2024-Aug-23 00:00, 2460545.500000000, , ,   338.14510,  -85.79931,  -2.85492,  -0.52790,   19.977,   n.a.,   48.72641335325,  5.5467329,  48.4440875702588, 15.3837240,  105.6409,/L,    1.1446,  353.862, 128.376,  305.704276,-30.557649,
 2024-Aug-24 00:00, 2460546.500000000, , ,   337.88427,  -85.80236,  -2.86171,  -0.46621,   19.978,   n.a.,   48.72961663603,  5.5465305,  48.4530137800802, 15.5271418,  105.3061,/L,    1.1461,  355.065, 128.723,  305.720009,-30.543838,
 2024-Aug-25 00:00, 2460547.500000000, , ,   337.62278,  -85.80500,  -2.86724,  -0.40423,   19.978,   n.a.,   48.73281980038,  5.5463281,  48.4620221173881, 15.6681122,  104.9669,/L,    1.1477,  356.267, 129.071,  305.735987,-30.530276,
 2024-Aug-26 00:00, 2460548.500000000, , ,   337.36077,  -85.80723,  -2.87149,  -0.34197,   19.979,   n.a.,   48.73602284634,  5.5461257,  48.4711111365470, 15.8065210,  104.6235,/L,    1.1492,  357.466, 129.417,  305.752205,-30.516965,
 2024-Aug-27 00:00, 2460549.500000000, , ,   337.09838,  -85.80903,  -2.87443,  -0.27948,   19.979,   n.a.,   48.73922577397,  5.5459233,  48.4802793224628, 15.9422438,  104.2758,/L,    1.1507,  358.662, 129.763,  305.768658,-30.503911,
 2024-Aug-28 00:00, 2460550.500000000, , ,   336.83575,  -85.81041,  -2.87604,  -0.21679,   19.980,   n.a.,   48.74242858331,  5.5457210,  48.4895250874486, 16.0751550,  103.9241,/L,    1.1521,  359.857, 130.107,  305.785344,-30.491118,
 2024-Aug-29 00:00, 2460551.500000000, , ,   336.57305,  -85.81138,  -2.87631,  -0.15395,   19.980,   n.a.,   48.74563127441,  5.5455187,  48.4988467726150, 16.2051343,  103.5684,/T,    1.1536,    1.049, 130.450,  305.802257,-30.478588,
 2024-Aug-30 00:00, 2460552.500000000, , ,   336.31042,  -85.81192,  -2.87522,  -0.09099,   19.981,   n.a.,   48.74883384734,  5.5453165,  48.5082426518212, 16.3320694,  103.2088,/T,    1.1550,    2.238, 130.792,  305.819393,-30.466328,
 2024-Aug-31 00:00, 2460553.500000000, , ,   336.04801,  -85.81203,  -2.87277,  -0.02797,   19.981,   n.a.,   48.75203630214,  5.5451143,  48.5177109368424, 16.4558577,  102.8454,/T,    1.1563,    3.424, 131.132,  305.836747,-30.454340,
 2024-Sep-01 00:00, 2460554.500000000, , ,   335.78598,  -85.81173,  -2.86895,  0.035077,   19.982,   n.a.,   48.75523863888,  5.5449122,  48.5272497830553, 16.5764066,  102.4784,/T,    1.1577,    4.608, 131.470,  305.854314,-30.442628,
 2024-Sep-02 00:00, 2460555.500000000, , ,   335.52448,  -85.81100,  -2.86376,  0.098099,   19.983,   n.a.,   48.75844085763,  5.5447101,  48.5368572953757, 16.6936341,  102.1078,/T,    1.1590,    5.789, 131.806,  305.872090,-30.431197,
 2024-Sep-03 00:00, 2460556.500000000, , ,   335.26366,  -85.80985,  -2.85720,  0.161051,   19.983,   n.a.,   48.76164295846,  5.5445081,  48.5465315343617, 16.8074686,  101.7337,/T,    1.1602,    6.967, 132.140,  305.890069,-30.420049,
 2024-Sep-04 00:00, 2460557.500000000, , ,   335.00367,  -85.80828,  -2.84928,  0.223886,   19.984,   n.a.,   48.76484494143,  5.5443061,  48.5562705223968, 16.9178494,  101.3563,/T,    1.1614,    8.141, 132.471,  305.908245,-30.409188,
 2024-Sep-05 00:00, 2460558.500000000, , ,   334.74467,  -85.80629,  -2.84001,  0.286561,   19.984,   n.a.,   48.76804680662,  5.5441042,  48.5660722497966, 17.0247260,  100.9757,/T,    1.1626,    9.312, 132.800,  305.926615,-30.398617,
 2024-Sep-06 00:00, 2460559.500000000, , ,   334.48680,  -85.80389,  -2.82939,  0.349028,   19.985,   n.a.,   48.77124855410,  5.5439024,  48.5759346806325, 17.1280580,  100.5919,/T,    1.1638,   10.480, 133.127,  305.945172,-30.388340,
 2024-Sep-07 00:00, 2460560.500000000, , ,   334.23021,  -85.80106,  -2.81745,  0.411245,   19.985,   n.a.,   48.77445018395,  5.5437006,  48.5858557580899, 17.2278134,  100.2051,/T,    1.1648,   11.645, 133.450,  305.963910,-30.378360,
 2024-Sep-08 00:00, 2460561.500000000, , ,   333.97504,  -85.79782,  -2.80420,  0.473167,   19.986,   n.a.,   48.77765169624,  5.5434989,  48.5958334092954, 17.3239683,   99.8154,/T,    1.1659,   12.806, 133.770,  305.982826,-30.368679,
 2024-Sep-09 00:00, 2460562.500000000, , ,   333.72143,  -85.79417,  -2.78965,  0.534752,   19.986,   n.a.,   48.78085309104,  5.5432972,  48.6058655497306, 17.4165062,   99.4229,/T,    1.1669,   13.964, 134.088,  306.001912,-30.359301,
 2024-Sep-10 00:00, 2460563.500000000, , ,   333.46954,  -85.79011,  -2.77383,  0.595961,   19.987,   n.a.,   48.78405436842,  5.5430956,  48.6159500875566, 17.5054185,   99.0277,/T,    1.1678,   15.117, 134.401,  306.021163,-30.350227,
 2024-Sep-11 00:00, 2460564.500000000, , ,   333.21948,  -85.78564,  -2.75675,  0.656754,   19.988,   n.a.,   48.78725552845,  5.5428940,  48.6260849283667, 17.5907052,   98.6298,/T,    1.1687,   16.268, 134.712,  306.040574,-30.341461,
 2024-Sep-12 00:00, 2460565.500000000, , ,   332.97139,  -85.78077,  -2.73846,  0.717094,   19.988,   n.a.,   48.79045657120,  5.5426925,  48.6362679809981, 17.6723780,   98.2295,/T,    1.1695,   17.414, 135.018,  306.060139,-30.333004,
 2024-Sep-13 00:00, 2460566.500000000, , ,   332.72541,  -85.77550,  -2.71896,  0.776949,   19.989,   n.a.,   48.79365749673,  5.5424910,  48.6464971649951, 17.7504629,   97.8267,/T,    1.1703,   18.557, 135.321,  306.079853,-30.324858,
 2024-Sep-14 00:00, 2460567.500000000, , ,   332.48166,  -85.76983,  -2.69830,  0.836289,   19.989,   n.a.,   48.79685830508,  5.5422895,  48.6567704199900, 17.8250038,   97.4216,/T,    1.1711,   19.696, 135.620,  306.099710,-30.317026,
 2024-Sep-15 00:00, 2460568.500000000, , ,   332.24025,  -85.76377,  -2.67651,  0.895091,   19.990,   n.a.,   48.80005899632,  5.5420881,  48.6670857164922, 17.8960637,   97.0144,/T,    1.1717,   20.831, 135.914,  306.119704,-30.309510,
 2024-Sep-16 00:00, 2460569.500000000, , ,   332.00131,  -85.75732,  -2.65361,  0.953341,   19.990,   n.a.,   48.80325957049,  5.5418867,  48.6774410662775, 17.9637215,   96.6050,/T,    1.1724,   21.962, 136.204,  306.139830,-30.302310,
 2024-Sep-17 00:00, 2460570.500000000, , ,   331.76494,  -85.75049,  -2.62963,  1.011031,   19.991,   n.a.,   48.80646002763,  5.5416853,  48.6878345290444, 18.0280619,   96.1936,/T,    1.1729,   23.089, 136.490,  306.160083,-30.295430,
 2024-Sep-18 00:00, 2460571.500000000, , ,   331.53126,  -85.74327,  -2.60460,  1.068160,   19.992,   n.a.,   48.80966036778,  5.5414839,  48.6982642111620, 18.0891585,   95.7803,/T,    1.1734,   24.213, 136.772,  306.180458,-30.288869,
 2024-Sep-19 00:00, 2460572.500000000, , ,   331.30037,  -85.73567,  -2.57852,  1.124726,   19.992,   n.a.,   48.81286059098,  5.5412824,  48.7087282534616, 18.1470540,   95.3651,/T,    1.1739,   25.332, 137.048,  306.200948,-30.282631,
 2024-Sep-20 00:00, 2460573.500000000, , ,   331.07237,  -85.72771,  -2.55142,  1.180728,   19.993,   n.a.,   48.81606069726,  5.5410810,  48.7192248086170, 18.2017451,   94.9482,/T,    1.1743,   26.448, 137.320,  306.221551,-30.276716,
 2024-Sep-21 00:00, 2460574.500000000, , ,   330.84737,  -85.71937,  -2.52328,  1.236155,   19.993,   n.a.,   48.81926068666,  5.5408796,  48.7297520131740, 18.2531799,   94.5296,/T,    1.1746,   27.560, 137.587,  306.242259,-30.271126,
 2024-Sep-22 00:00, 2460575.500000000, , ,   330.62545,  -85.71067,  -2.49411,  1.290990,   19.994,   n.a.,   48.82246055921,  5.5406782,  48.7403079617142, 18.3012674,   94.1095,/T,    1.1749,   28.667, 137.849,  306.263069,-30.265864,
 2024-Sep-23 00:00, 2460576.500000000, , ,   330.40673,  -85.70160,  -2.46391,  1.345210,   19.995,   n.a.,   48.82566031494,  5.5404768,  48.7508906892172, 18.3458952,   93.6878,/T,    1.1751,   29.772, 138.106,  306.283974,-30.260930,
 2024-Sep-24 00:00, 2460577.500000000, , ,   330.19129,  -85.69218,  -2.43268,  1.398785,   19.995,   n.a.,   48.82885995389,  5.5402754,  48.7614981636654, 18.3869464,   93.2648,/T,    1.1752,   30.872, 138.358,  306.304970,-30.256328,
 2024-Sep-25 00:00, 2460578.500000000, , ,   329.97923,  -85.68241,  -2.40044,  1.451686,   19.996,   n.a.,   48.83205947610,  5.5400739,  48.7721282871823, 18.4243112,   92.8404,/T,    1.1753,   31.968, 138.604,  306.326051,-30.252058,
 2024-Sep-26 00:00, 2460579.500000000, , ,   329.77063,  -85.67229,  -2.36720,  1.503882,   19.996,   n.a.,   48.83525888161,  5.5398725,  48.7827789023065, 18.4578935,   92.4149,/T,    1.1753,   33.061, 138.844,  306.347212,-30.248123,
 2024-Sep-27 00:00, 2460580.500000000, , ,   329.56559,  -85.66183,  -2.33298,  1.555342,   19.997,   n.a.,   48.83845817045,  5.5396711,  48.7934478002502, 18.4876118,   91.9883,/T,    1.1753,   34.150, 139.079,  306.368446,-30.244523,
 2024-Sep-28 00:00, 2460581.500000000, , ,   329.36419,  -85.65103,  -2.29779,  1.606036,   19.997,   n.a.,   48.84165734269,  5.5394697,  48.8041327291393, 18.5133981,   91.5607,/T,    1.1752,   35.235, 139.309,  306.389747,-30.241262,
 2024-Sep-29 00:00, 2460582.500000000, , ,   329.16651,  -85.63990,  -2.26167,  1.655936,   19.998,   n.a.,   48.84485639835,  5.5392683,  48.8148314013761, 18.5351963,   91.1323,/T,    1.1750,   36.316, 139.532,  306.411110,-30.238339,
 2024-Sep-30 00:00, 2460583.500000000, , ,   328.97261,  -85.62844,  -2.22463,  1.705015,   19.999,   n.a.,   48.84805533749,  5.5390669,  48.8255415000383, 18.5529607,   90.7030,/T,    1.1748,   37.393, 139.750,  306.432529,-30.235756,
 2024-Oct-01 00:00, 2460584.500000000, , ,   328.78259,  -85.61666,  -2.18671,  1.753245,   19.999,   n.a.,   48.85125416015,  5.5388655,  48.8362606845982, 18.5666553,   90.2731,/T,    1.1745,   38.467, 139.961,  306.453998,-30.233515,
 2024-Oct-02 00:00, 2460585.500000000, , ,   328.59649,  -85.60457,  -2.14793,  1.800601,   20.000,   n.a.,   48.85445286639,  5.5386641,  48.8469865963240, 18.5762531,   89.8427,/T,    1.1741,   39.537, 140.166,  306.475509,-30.231616,
 2024-Oct-03 00:00, 2460586.500000000, , ,   328.41439,  -85.59217,  -2.10833,  1.847060,   20.000,   n.a.,   48.85765145626,  5.5384628,  48.8577168636373, 18.5817365,   89.4118,/T,    1.1736,   40.603, 140.366,  306.497058,-30.230059,
 2024-Oct-04 00:00, 2460587.500000000, , ,   328.23634,  -85.57946,  -2.06794,  1.892598,   20.001,   n.a.,   48.86084992982,  5.5382614,  48.8684491075486, 18.5830974,   88.9806,/T,    1.1731,   41.666, 140.558,  306.518637,-30.228846,
 2024-Oct-05 00:00, 2460588.500000000, , ,   328.06240,  -85.56646,  -2.02679,  1.937196,   20.002,   n.a.,   48.86404828711,  5.5380601,  48.8791809471527, 18.5803374,   88.5491,/T,    1.1725,   42.725, 140.745,  306.540240,-30.227977,
 2024-Oct-06 00:00, 2460589.500000000, , ,   327.89261,  -85.55318,  -1.98493,  1.980833,   20.002,   n.a.,   48.86724652819,  5.5378588,  48.8899100050949, 18.5734672,   88.1176,/T,    1.1719,   43.780, 140.925,  306.561862,-30.227453,
 2024-Oct-07 00:00, 2460590.500000000, , ,   327.72702,  -85.53960,  -1.94238,  2.023495,   20.003,   n.a.,   48.87044465313,  5.5376576,  48.9006339129425, 18.5625068,   87.6860,/T,    1.1711,   44.832, 141.099,  306.583496,-30.227272,
 2024-Oct-08 00:00, 2460591.500000000, , ,   327.56567,  -85.52576,  -1.89918,  2.065166,   20.003,   n.a.,   48.87364266197,  5.5374563,  48.9113503165065, 18.5474857,   87.2545,/T,    1.1704,   45.880, 141.266,  306.605135,-30.227436,
 2024-Oct-09 00:00, 2460592.500000000, , ,   327.40859,  -85.51164,  -1.85539,  2.105837,   20.004,   n.a.,   48.87684055478,  5.5372551,  48.9220568813085, 18.5284428,   86.8233,/T,    1.1695,   46.925, 141.426,  306.626773,-30.227943,
 2024-Oct-10 00:00, 2460593.500000000, , ,   327.25582,  -85.49726,  -1.81102,  2.145497,   20.005,   n.a.,   48.88003833162,  5.5370539,  48.9327512985250, 18.5054282,   86.3923,/T,    1.1686,   47.966, 141.580,  306.648404,-30.228794,
 2024-Oct-11 00:00, 2460594.500000000, , ,   327.10737,  -85.48262,  -1.76612,  2.184144,   20.005,   n.a.,   48.88323599254,  5.5368527,  48.9434312917552, 18.4785044,   85.9618,/T,    1.1676,   49.004, 141.727,  306.670023,-30.229989,
 2024-Oct-12 00:00, 2460595.500000000, , ,   326.96328,  -85.46774,  -1.72073,  2.221776,   20.006,   n.a.,   48.88643353760,  5.5366516,  48.9540946247641, 18.4477482,   85.5319,/T,    1.1666,   50.039, 141.868,  306.691622,-30.231525,
 2024-Oct-13 00:00, 2460596.500000000, , ,   326.82356,  -85.45261,  -1.67489,  2.258399,   20.006,   n.a.,   48.88963096687,  5.5364505,  48.9647391097999, 18.4132506,   85.1026,/T,    1.1654,   51.071, 142.002,  306.713196,-30.233403,
 2024-Oct-14 00:00, 2460597.500000000, , ,   326.68822,  -85.43725,  -1.62863,  2.294021,   20.007,   n.a.,   48.89282828039,  5.5362494,  48.9753626151231, 18.3751135,   84.6740,/T,    1.1643,   52.099, 142.129,  306.734739,-30.235622,
 2024-Oct-15 00:00, 2460598.500000000, , ,   326.55727,  -85.42166,  -1.58197,  2.328660,   20.007,   n.a.,   48.89602547824,  5.5360484,  48.9859630691605, 18.3334414,   84.2462,/T,    1.1630,   53.125, 142.249,  306.756245,-30.238180,
$$EOE
********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
Column meaning:
 
TIME

  Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the
prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current
civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1
using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years.

  Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar
system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output
has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st.
Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future
intervals.

  Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth
regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock
rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT"
may be defined for that location.

  Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank
(" ") denotes an A.D. date.
 
CALENDAR SYSTEM

  Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15
(if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any)
are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates
prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC.  The Julian calendar is useful for
matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds
to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is
available if such physical events are the primary interest.

  NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time.
 
 'R.A._(ICRF), DEC_(ICRF),' =
  Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with
respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of
the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay
aberration.

  Units: RA  in decimal degrees,  ddd.fffff{ffff}
         DEC in decimal degrees,  sdd.fffff{ffff}
 
 'dRA*cosD, d(DEC)/dt,' =
  The angular rate of change in aparent RA and DEC of the target. This is
with respect to the non-inertial IAU76/80 Earth true equator and equinox
of-date reference frame.  d(RA)/dt is multiplied by the cosine of declination
to provide a linear rate in the plane-of-sky. Units: ARCSECONDS PER HOUR
 
 'T-mag,  N-mag,' =
   Comets' apparent visual total magnitude ("T-mag") and nuclear magnitude
("N-mag") using the standard IAU model:

   T-mag= M1 + 5*log10(delta) + k1*log10(r)
   N-mag= M2 + 5*log10(delta) + k2*log10(r) + phcof*beta

   Units: MAGNITUDES
 
 'r,       rdot,' =
   The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot")
relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means
the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward
the Sun.  Units: AU and KM/S
 
 'delta,     deldot,' =
   Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot")
of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the
target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement
toward the observer.  Units: AU and KM/S
 
 'S-O-T,/r,' =
   Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers'
location at print-time.

   The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position
relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below:

   Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that
body rotational sense is considered:

    /T indicates target TRAILS Sun   (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun)
    /L indicates target LEADS Sun    (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun)

   Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such
as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the
observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion:

    * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric
       motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed
       by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer.

    * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed
       by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun.

   Two other codes can be output:
    /* indicates observer is Sun-centered    (undefined)
    /? Target is aligned with Sun center     (no lead or trail)

   The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation
angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate
the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would
be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system.

   Units: DEGREES
 
 'S-T-O,' =
   The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center
formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at
reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the
observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable
separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration
on the down-leg from target to observer.  Units: DEGREES
 
 'PsAng,   PsAMV,' =
   The position angles of the extended Sun-to-target radius vector ("PsAng")
and the negative of the targets' heliocentric velocity vector ("PsAMV"), as
seen in the observers' plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise (east) from
reference-frame north-pole. Primarily intended for ACTIVE COMETS, "PsAng"
is an indicator of the comets' gas-tail orientation in the sky (being in the
anti-sunward direction) while "PsAMV" is an indicator of dust-tail orientation.
Units: DEGREES
 
 'GlxLon,    GlxLat,' =
   Observer-centered Galactic System II (post WW II) longitude and latitude
of the target centers' apparent position, with light-time, gravitational
deflection of light, and stellar aberrations. Units: DEGREES

Computations by ...

    Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System
    4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
    Pasadena, CA  91109   USA

    General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/
    Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html
    System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html
    User Guide  : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html
    Connect     : browser        https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x
                  API            https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html
                  command-line   telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775
                  e-mail/batch   https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt
                  scripts        https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS
    Author      : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov

********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
