{% extends "base.html" %}
{% from 'components.html' import icon %}

{% block title %}Library guide{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
<div class="page-shell guide-page">
  <header class="page-heading">
    <p class="eyebrow">The benchmark library</p>
    <h1>A guide to your next experiment.</h1>
    <p class="lead">
      Understand the abstraction levels, gate libraries, clocking schemes, and
      file formats behind MNT Bench.
    </p>
    <a class="button button-primary" href="{{ url_for('index') }}">Explore benchmarks</a>
  </header>

  <section class="panel" aria-labelledby="visual-guide">
    <div class="section-heading">
      <div>
        <p class="eyebrow">From logic to layout</p>
        <h2 id="visual-guide">The library at a glance</h2>
      </div>
      <p>Open an illustration to see the full-size reference.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="reference-grid">
      {% for filename, title in [
        ('abstraction_level.png', 'Abstraction level'),
        ('gate_library.png', 'Gate library'),
        ('clocking_scheme.png', 'Clocking scheme'),
        ('physical_design_algorithm.png', 'Physical design algorithm'),
        ('optimization_algorithm.png', 'Optimization algorithm')
      ] %}
      <a class="reference-card" href="{{ url_for('static', filename=filename) }}" data-illustration="{{ title }}">
        <img src="{{ url_for('static', filename=filename) }}" alt="{{ title }} overview" loading="lazy" />
        <h3>{{ title }}</h3>
        <span class="text-link">View illustration →</span>
      </a>
      {% endfor %}
    </div>
  </section>

  <section class="panel" aria-labelledby="gate-libraries">
    <div class="section-heading">
      <div>
        <p class="eyebrow">Two technologies</p>
        <h2 id="gate-libraries">Gate libraries</h2>
      </div>
      <p>Benchmarks are provided for two different gate libraries.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="reference-grid">
      <a class="reference-card" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7538997/">
        <h3>QCA ONE</h3>
        <p>Used for QCA circuits.</p>
        <span class="text-link">Read the paper →</span>
      </a>
      <a class="reference-card" href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2022_dac_hexagons_are_the_bestagons.pdf">
        <h3>Bestagon</h3>
        <p>Used for SiDB circuits.</p>
        <span class="text-link">Read the paper →</span>
      </a>
    </div>
  </section>

  <section class="panel" aria-labelledby="clocking-schemes">
    <div class="section-heading">
      <div>
        <p class="eyebrow">Controlling the flow</p>
        <h2 id="clocking-schemes">Clocking schemes</h2>
      </div>
      <p>Up to five different clocking schemes are available.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="reference-grid">
      {% for title, filename, paper in [
        ('2DDWave', '2ddwave.png', 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1717097'),
        ('USE', 'use.png', 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7219390'),
        ('RES', 'res.png', 'https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21681724.2019.1570551'),
        ('ESR', 'esr.png', 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10470-020-01760-4.pdf'),
        ('ROW', 'row.png', 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/573740')
      ] %}
      <a class="reference-card" href="{{ paper }}">
        <img src="{{ url_for('static', filename=filename) }}" alt="{{ title }} clocking scheme" loading="lazy" />
        <h3>{{ title }}</h3>
        <span class="text-link">Read the paper →</span>
      </a>
      {% endfor %}
    </div>
  </section>

  <section class="panel" aria-labelledby="file-formats">
    <div class="section-heading">
      <div>
        <p class="eyebrow">Working with your download</p>
        <h2 id="file-formats">File formats &amp; naming</h2>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="prose">
      <p>
        Downloads are ZIP archives containing network-level Verilog
        <code>.v</code> files and gate-level fiction <code>.fgl</code> files.
        The filenames describe the configuration of each layout.
      </p>
      <p class="notice">
        Not every benchmark is necessarily available for every possible
        configuration of the available options. For example, for large
        circuits, layouts using the USE clocking scheme have not been found yet.
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="table-scroll" role="region" aria-label="File naming conventions" tabindex="0">
      <table class="reference-table">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th scope="col">Level</th>
            <th scope="col">Filename</th>
            <th scope="col">Example</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <th scope="row">Gate-level</th>
            <td><code>&lt;benchmark_identifier&gt;_&lt;library&gt;_&lt;clocking_scheme&gt;_&lt;algorithm&gt;_&lt;optimized&gt;_&lt;input-ordered&gt;_&lt;cost_objective&gt;.fgl</code></td>
            <td>
              <p><code>mux21_Bestagon_ROW_gold_Opt_Ord_crossings.fgl</code></p>
              <p><code>mux21_ONE_USE_NanoPlaceR_UnOpt_UnOrd_area.fgl</code></p>
            </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <th scope="row">Best gate-level layout</th>
            <td><code>&lt;benchmark_identifier&gt;_&lt;library&gt;_BEST.fgl</code></td>
            <td><code>mux21_ONE_BEST.fgl</code></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <th scope="row">Network level</th>
            <td><code>&lt;benchmark_identifier&gt;.v</code></td>
            <td><code>mux21.v</code></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
  </section>
  <section class="panel" aria-labelledby="research-references">
    <div class="section-heading">
      <div>
        <p class="eyebrow">The work behind the library</p>
        <h2 id="research-references">Research references</h2>
      </div>
      <p>Explore the original benchmark collections, design methods, and optimizations.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="reference-grid">
      <details class="reference-card">
        <summary>Benchmark collections</summary>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7724048">Trindade16 · IEEE</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8351001">Fontes18 · IEEE</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273775783_A_neutral_netlist_of_10_combinational_benchmark_circuits_and_a_targeted_translator_in_FORTRAN">ISCAS85 · Original benchmark publication</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.epfl.ch/labs/lsi/page-102566-en-html/benchmarks/">EPFL · Benchmark collection</a></li>
        </ul>
      </details>
      <details class="reference-card">
        <summary>Physical design</summary>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2018_date_exact_design_exploration_qca.pdf">Exact · DATE 2018</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2019_aspdac_scalable_design_field_coupled_nanocomputing_circuits.pdf">Ortho · ASP-DAC 2019</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2023_ieeenano_45_degree_sidb_design.pdf">Ortho with 45° layouts · IEEE NANO 2023</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2023_dac_late_breaking_results_from_hybrid_design_automation_for_field_coupled_nanotechnologies.pdf">NanoPlaceR · DAC 2023</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_isqed_thinking_outside_the_clock_physical_design_for_field-coupled_nanocomputing_with_deep_reinforcement_learning.pdf">NanoPlaceR · ISQED 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_ieee_nano_a_star_is_born.pdf">Gold · IEEE NANO 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2025_lascas_physical_design_for_fcn_with_discretionary_cost_objectives.pdf">Gold cost objectives · LASCAS 2025</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2025_tcas_graph_oriented_layout_design_for_fcn.pdf">Gold: parallel multi-objective search · TCAS-I 2025</a></li>
        </ul>
      </details>
      <details class="reference-card">
        <summary>Optimization</summary>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2025_tcad_efficient_and_scalable_post-layout_optimization_for_fcn.pdf">Post-layout optimization · TCAD 2025</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2023_nanoarch_post-layout_optimization_for_fcn.pdf">Post-layout optimization · NANOARCH 2023</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_dac_wiring_reduction_for_field-coupled_nanotechnologies.pdf">Wiring reduction · DAC 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2023_isvlsi_versatile_signal_distribution_networks.pdf">Input ordering · ISVLSI 2023</a></li>
        </ul>
      </details>
      <details class="reference-card">
        <summary>Tools</summary>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2019_isvlsi_fiction_research_demo.pdf">fiction: Electronic Design Automation for Field-coupled Nanocomputing Circuits · ISVLSI 2019</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_ieee_nano_mnt.pdf">The Munich Nanotech Toolkit (MNT) · IEEE NANO 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2025_ieee_nano_mnt_designer.pdf">MNT Designer: A Comprehensive Design Tool for Field-coupled Nanocomputing · IEEE NANO 2025</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://github.com/cda-tum/fiction">fiction · Read, create, and verify layouts</a></li>
        </ul>
      </details>
      <details class="reference-card">
        <summary>Verification &amp; further reading</summary>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2020_dac_verification_for_field-coupled_nanocomputing_circuits.pdf">Equivalence checking · DAC 2020</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3489517.3530525">Bestagon gate library · ACM publication</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/research/nanotech">More from our nanotechnology research</a></li>
        </ul>
      </details>
      <details class="reference-card">
        <summary>Related research</summary>
        <p>Additional FCN design methods. Inclusion here does not imply that layouts generated with these methods are available in MNT Bench.</p>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2021_aspdac_one-pass_synthesis_field-coupled_nanocomputing_technologies.pdf">One-Pass Synthesis for Field-coupled Nanocomputing Technologies · ASP-DAC 2021</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2022_nanoarch_efficient_multi-path_signal_routing_for_fcn.pdf">Efficient Multi-Path Signal Routing for Field-coupled Nanotechnologies · NANOARCH 2022</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_ieee_nano_clock_number_assignment.pdf">Ending the Tyranny of the Clock: SAT-based Clock Number Assignment for Field-coupled Nanotechnologies · IEEE NANO 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_ieee_nano_reducing_wire_crossings.pdf">Reducing Wire Crossings in Field-Coupled Nanotechnologies · IEEE NANO 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2024_ieee_nano_technology_mapping_with_unconventional_cost_functions.pdf">Technology Mapping for Beyond-CMOS Circuitry with Unconventional Cost Functions · IEEE NANO 2024</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2025_ieee_nano_a_fully_planar_approach_to_fcn.pdf">A Fully Planar Approach to Field-coupled Nanocomputing: Scalable Placement and Routing Without Wire Crossings · IEEE NANO 2025</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2026_minimizing_area_and_delay_in_planar_physical_design_for_fcn.pdf">Minimizing Area and Delay in Planar Physical Design for Field-coupled Nanocomputing · IEEE NANO 2026</a></li>
          <li><a href="https://www.cda.cit.tum.de/files/eda/2026_toward_compact_planar_circuits_for_atomic_scale_computing.pdf">Toward Compact Planar Circuits for Atomic-Scale Computing: A Hybrid Crossing Elimination Flow · IEEE NANO 2026</a></li>
        </ul>
      </details>
    </div>
  </section>
</div>
{% endblock %}

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    <button type="button" class="button button-secondary" data-close-dialog aria-label="Close illustration">{{ icon('close') }} Close</button>
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</dialog>
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