PRACTICAL 01
Installation & Configuration of Type-2 Hypervisor (Oracle VirtualBox)
Aim: Install and configure Oracle VirtualBox and create a virtual machine using Ubuntu Linux.
STEP 01
Download Oracle VirtualBox
- Open a web browser
- Visit
https://www.virtualbox.org - Click Downloads
- Select Windows Hosts
- Download the VirtualBox installer
- Download the matching Extension Pack
STEP 02
Install Oracle VirtualBox
- Double-click the installer file
- Click Next
- Keep default settings
- Click Yes when network warning appears
- Click Install
- Click Finish
STEP 03
Install Extension Pack
- Double-click the Extension Pack file
- Click Install
- Accept the license agreement
- Click OK
STEP 04
Enable Virtualization in BIOS
- Open Settings → System → Recovery
- Click Restart Now under Advanced Startup
- Select Troubleshoot → Advanced Options
- Select UEFI Firmware Settings → Restart
- In BIOS: Config → CPU → Intel/AMD Virtualization Technology → Enabled
- Go to: Security → Virtualization → Intel/AMD VT-d Feature → Enabled
- Press
F10and save changes
STEP 05
Verify Virtualization
- Press
Ctrl + Shift + Escto open Task Manager - Open the Performance tab
- Select CPU
- Confirm Virtualization shows Enabled
STEP 06
Create Virtual Machine
- Open Oracle VirtualBox and click New
- Enter Name:
ubuntu - Select Type:
Linux - Select Version:
Ubuntu (64-bit) - Set RAM:
2048 MB, CPU:1 - Set Disk Size:
20 GB - Click Next and Finish
STEP 07
Attach Ubuntu ISO File
- Select the virtual machine
- Click Settings → Storage
- Select Empty under Controller IDE
- Click the CD icon on the right side
- Click Choose a disk file
- Select the Ubuntu ISO file
- Click Open and OK
STEP 08
Start Virtual Machine
- Select the virtual machine
- Click Start
- Choose Install Ubuntu
- Follow the installation wizard
PRACTICAL 02
Creation and Management of Virtual Machines (Linux Guest OS – Ubuntu)
Aim: Create, configure, and manage a VM using Oracle VirtualBox and install Ubuntu as the Guest OS.
STEP 01
Install Oracle VirtualBox
- Download VirtualBox from the official website
- Run the installer
- Follow default installation steps
- Restart system if required
STEP 02
Download Ubuntu ISO
- Visit the Ubuntu official website
- Download Ubuntu Desktop (64-bit)
- Save the ISO file in the Downloads folder
STEP 03
Create a New Virtual Machine
- Open VirtualBox and click New
- Enter Name:
Ubuntu, Type:Linux, Version:Ubuntu (64-bit) - Click Next
STEP 04
Allocate RAM
- Set Base Memory to
2048 MB - Set Number of CPUs to
1
STEP 05
Create a Virtual Hard Disk
- Select Create a virtual hard disk now
- Choose VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image)
- Select Dynamically Allocated
- Set disk size to
20 GBor more - Click Create
STEP 06
Attach Ubuntu ISO File
- Select VM → Click Settings
- Go to Storage
- Click Empty under controller
- Click disk icon → Choose Ubuntu ISO
- Click OK
STEP 07
Install Ubuntu
- Click Start and select Install Ubuntu
- Choose keyboard layout
- Select Normal Installation
- Choose Erase disk and install Ubuntu (only virtual disk is erased)
- Create username and password
- Wait for installation to complete
- Restart system
- Remove ISO file after restart
Ubuntu is now successfully installed.
PRACTICAL 03
Snapshot Creation, Restore and Virtual Machine Cloning
Aim: Save the current state of a VM, restore it to a previous state, and create a duplicate copy using Oracle VM VirtualBox.
STEP 01
Open VirtualBox
- Click on Start Menu
- Search VirtualBox and open it
- You will see the list of VMs
- Click on your VM (e.g., Ubuntu)
Make sure the VM is powered OFF before taking a snapshot.
STEP 02
Create Snapshot
- Click on the Snapshots tab (top-right)
- Click Take Snapshot button
- A small window will open
- Enter name: e.g.,
Before Software Install - Click OK
Snapshot is now saved successfully.
STEP 03
Restore Snapshot
- Go to the Snapshots tab
- You will see your snapshot name listed
- Right-click on it
- Click Restore Snapshot
- Click Restore in the popup
All current changes are deleted and the old saved state comes back.
STEP 04
Clone Virtual Machine
- Go back to the main screen
- Right-click on the VM
- Click Clone
- Enter new name: e.g.,
Ubuntu Copy - Click Next → Select Full Clone → Click Finish
New VM is created. You now have 2 identical VMs.
STEP 05
Export VM (Backup)
- Click File → Export Appliance
- Select your VM → Click Next
- Choose location → Save as
.ovafile → Click Finish
A backup .ova file is created at the chosen location.
STEP 06
Import Virtual Machine
- Click File → Import Appliance
- Select the
.ovafile → Click Next → Click Finish
VM is restored from backup successfully.
PRACTICAL 04
Configuration of Virtual Network Modes (NAT, Bridged, Host-Only)
Aim: Configure and understand different virtual network modes in Oracle VM VirtualBox.
STEP 01
Open VirtualBox
- Open VirtualBox
- Select your VM (Ubuntu)
- Click Settings
STEP 02
Open Network Settings
- In Settings, click Network
- Go to Adapter 1
- Tick Enable Network Adapter
- You will see the Attached to dropdown option
STEP 03
Configure NAT Mode
- Click the Attached to dropdown
- Select NAT
- Click OK
- Start the VM
- Open browser — internet should work
Use NAT when simple internet access is needed.
STEP 04
Configure Bridged Mode
- Go to Settings → Network
- Select Bridged Adapter
- Choose your network: WiFi / Ethernet
- Click OK → Start VM
- Run in VM terminal:
ip ato check IP
Use Bridged mode when you want VM to act like a real machine on the network.
STEP 05
Configure Host-Only Mode
- Go to Settings → Network
- Select Host-Only Adapter
- Choose adapter:
vboxnet0 - Click OK → Start VM
- Test: Ping from host to VM
Use Host-Only mode when only host-to-VM communication is needed.
PRACTICAL 05
Server Virtualization using VirtualBox Headless Mode
Aim: Perform server virtualization using VirtualBox Headless Mode and understand how VMs can run without a graphical interface.
STEP 01
Open Command Prompt
- Press
Windows + R - Type
cmd - Press
Enter
The Command Prompt (black screen) will open.
STEP 02
Check Available VMs
- Type:
VBoxManage list vms - Press
Enter - You will see all VM names listed
Example output: "Ubuntu" {1234-5678-xxxx}
STEP 03
Start VM in Headless Mode
- Type:
VBoxManage startvm "Ubuntu" --type headless - Replace
"Ubuntu"with your actual VM name - Press
Enter
VM starts in background — no window appears on screen.
STEP 04
Verify VM is Running
- Type:
VBoxManage list runningvms - Press
Enter - If VM name appears in the list — it is running
STEP 05
Stop the Headless VM
- Type:
VBoxManage controlvm "Ubuntu" poweroff - Press
Enter - VM will stop
STEP 06
Remote Access (Optional)
- Enable VRDE in VM Settings
- Use the VM's IP address to connect via Remote Desktop
This allows remote GUI access to the headless VM.
PRACTICAL 06
Storage Virtualization: Creating and Attaching Virtual Disks to VMs
Aim: Create and attach virtual hard disks to a virtual machine using Oracle VM VirtualBox.
STEP 01
Open VirtualBox
- Open VirtualBox
- Select your VM (Ubuntu)
- Make sure VM is powered OFF
STEP 02
Open Storage Settings
- Click Settings
- Go to Storage
- You will see the Controller (SATA/IDE) listed
STEP 03
Create New Virtual Disk
- Click the Add Hard Disk (+) icon
- Click Create
- Choose VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image)
- Click Next → Select Dynamically Allocated → Click Next
- Set size: e.g.,
10 GBor20 GB - Click Create
New virtual disk is created successfully.
STEP 04
Attach Disk to VM
- Select the controller
SATA - Click Add Hard Disk
- Choose the newly created disk
- Click OK
Disk is now attached to the VM.
STEP 05
Start VM & Verify Disk
- Start the VM
- Open terminal
- Type
lsblkto see all attached disks
STEP 06
Format and Use Disk (Linux)
- Create partition:
sudo fdisk /dev/sdb - Format disk:
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 - Create folder:
sudo mkdir /mnt/mydisk - Mount disk:
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/mydisk
Disk is now ready to use inside the virtual machine.